Electrically-heated garment



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ELECTRICALLY HEATED GARMENT Nov. 13, 192s. 1,691,472

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Nov. 13, 1928. f 1,691,472

W. D. GRAHAM El AL ELECTRICALLY HEATED GARMENT Filed June 25,. 1925 6Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented Nov. 13, 1928.

UNITED, STATES 1,691,472 PATENT OFFICE.

VWALTER D. GRAHAM, or RIVER EoEEs'r, AND CHARLES M. UHLIG, or CHICAGO,

ILLINOIS, SAID UHLIG AssIGNon To SAID GRAHAM.

ELECTRICALLY-HEATED GARMENT.

Application led .Tune 25, 1925. Serial No. 39,421*

The invention has to do with improvements in electricallyheated'garments. It has to do especiall with improvementsinvelectrically heated garments intended for the use of aviators, andother ersons engaged in the driving or control o vehicles generally suchas automobiles, trucks, etc., but it kwill presently appearthat thefeatures of the invention are equally well adapted for other classes ofservice.

One of the objects of the invention 1s to provide a garment of suchconstruction and arrangement that it will not seriously interfere withthe required freedom of movement and action of the wearer, but willallow him full freedom of movement, so that his ability to control thevehicle will not be obstructed,

Another object of the invention is to provide a garment of sucharrangement that those portions of the body which are chiefly exposed tocold or which are most Subject to numbness therefrom mayk be mostadvantageously protected and warmed. In this connection, it is an objectto provide a complete garment having means for locally heat- Ingy it inthose parts which most require such attention.

Still a further object in connection with the above is to make provisionfor the local heating of the desired portions of the garment by the useof individual heatnfr pads whichare self contained and are locallyapplied to the desired portions of the garment.

A further object in connection with the foregoing is to establish eachofthese pads as a unit having the electrical conductor or conductorswoven thereinto in such a way,

however, that there is established a border portion which issubstantially unobstructed y electric wires and'through which may bepassed the sewing or stitching to attach the same to the body of thegarment.

A further objectl of the invention is to make provision for supplyingthe electric current. to all of thek pads of the garment from a commonsource so as to simplify the arrangement, the different pads beingpreferabl connected in parallel relation, so that the civision orsubtraction of one or more pads to the circuit will not interfere withthe proper operation of the pads already connected up.

A further object kis to rovide a main garment intended to cover t emajor portion of the body, together' with one or more detachable unitgarments for other portions ofthe body, such as the hands, feet, andhead. These detachable units are in themselves selfcontained garmentsprovided with suitable heating units, and means are provided forinstantaneously and easily connecting or disconnecting these garmentsfrom the main garment, In this way, the unity of Supply of electriccurrent from a common source is maintained, but the supplementalgarments may be removed and disconnected without complication and at theinstantaneous desire of the wearer.

Other objects and uses of the invention will appear from a. detaileddescription of the drawings, which consists in the features ofconstruction and combinations of parts hereinafter described andclaimed.

In the drawings:

Figure l shows a front elevation of a garment embodying the features lofthe present 1nvention, the same being turned inside out so as to betterillustrate the pads on the front side of the garment, and the insidelining being removed so as to better illustrate the various pads andelectrical connections to them. In Fi l we have also illustrated a pa1rof gaunt ets and a pair of foot pads associated with the garment, onegauntlet and one foot pad beiner connected up to the electric circuitand tile other gauntlet and footpad being disconnected.

Fig. 2 shows a back view corresponding'to Fig. l, the gauntlets and footpads being removed;

Fig. 3 shows a fragmentary elevation of one of the buttoning connectorssuch as may be used in connect-ion with the foot pads, gauntlets, orhead gear, the covering being removed and the two sections beingseparated from each other; i

Fig. 4 shows a fragmentary face view of a portion of the inside of thegarment, the lining being removed, so as toy illustrate one oftheheating pad elements;

Fig. 5 shows a fragmentary section on the line 5--5 of Fig. 4, looking1n the direction of 1the arrows, but on greatly exaggerated sca e;

Fig. 6 shows a fragmentary section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4, looking inthe direction of 1the arrows, but on greatly exaggerated sca e;

Fig. 7 shows a body face view of a foot pad embodying the features ofthe present invention, the inings being removed therefrom, and theconnecting wire and terminal being illustrated;

Fig. 8 shows a cross section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7, looking in thedirection of the arrows, the lining being removed;

Fig. 9 shows a fragmentary section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 7, looking inthe direction of the arrows, but on greatly enlarged scale;

Fig. 10 shows a face view of a gauntlet embodyin the features of thepresent invention, t e terminal coupling being shown in connectiontherewith;

Fig. 11 shows a side elevation of a head gear embodying the features ofthe present invention, the outside lining being removed;

Fig. 12 shows a cross section on the line 12-12 of Fig. 11, looking inthe direction of the arrows, but wit-h the garment turned inside out,the weave being illustrated more or less diagrammaticall and Fig. 13shows a ragmentary section on the line 13-13 of Fig. 11, looking in thedirection of the arrows, but on greatly exaggerated scale.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, the garment thereinillustrated is shown as turned inside out, since the heating elements orpads are preferably attached to the inside surface of the garmentproper. This garment is woven of a suitable fabric such as gaberdine,khaki, etc., and is preferably made as a single garment includin thebody portion l5, the legs 16 and 17, t e sleeves 18 and 19, and the neckband 20. The garment is preferably slitted down the center of the rontof the body, as shown at 21, and means are provided for fastening thesame at this point after the garment is in place on the wearer. Anysuitable attaching means such as buttons or snaps may be used for thispurpose. If desired, also the open ends of the legs and sleeve may beprovided with draw laces or rubber bands or the like for closing them,or they may be slit for a short distance so as to facilitate applicationto the wearer. In the latter case, the slit portions may be providedwith buttons or snaps or other connecting means for closing these partswhen in place on the wearer.

We secure to suitable portions of the garment a series of individualheating pads which are provided with electric conductors through whichthe heating current is passed. These pads are preferably placed againstthe inside face of the arment so as to bring them as close as possile tothe body of the wearer, and also to more effectively heat insulate themagainst loss of heat outwardly. By placing these pads against the insideface of the garment there becomes available the entire thickness of thegarment material itself to insulate against such loss of heat.

In the particular arrangement illustrated, we have shown pads 22 and 23placed in proper position to warm the knees and upper portions of thelegs; pads 24 and 25 in position to warm the breasts and upper frontportions of the body; pads 2G and 27 over t e shoulders, and a large pad28 over the major ortion of the back of the garment. Eac of these padsis preferably made as an independent self-contained unit, for whichurpose it comprises a section of fabric having the desired electricheating wires incorporated therewith. These wires are preferably wovendirectly into the body of the fabric of the ad in accordance with thegeneral princip e covered by Letters Patent of the United States No.1,436,384 issued November 21, 1922, and No. 1,456,223, issued May 22,1923. Furthermore, these pads are preferably so woven as to establishperfectly continuous and uninterrupted border fabric portions which areentirel free and clear of wires and through whic the necessary sewing mabe conveniently passed to attach the pa s to the body of the garment proer.

Referring to igs. 4, 5 and 6, we have illustrated one such pad. the samebeing designated generally by the numeral 29. It includes the warp andwoof threads 30 and 31 which are suitably woven together, together withthe heat conductor 32 which is woven back and forth in the body of thefabric. This conductor in its cross connections 33 lies against the faceof the fabric to which it may be secured by independent stitches 34, ifdesired.

Around the marginal portion of the pad is a continuous border 35 intowhich the wire does not enter, so that said border ortion may be readilyconnected to the fa ric 15 of the garment by a continuous line ofstitching such as 36, either unprotected or protected by a `tape or thelike 37 as illustrated in Fig. 4.

It will be understood that the illustration and description of the pad29 is merely illustrative of the general arrangement of the differentpads, and that each pad incorporates more or less the general principlesexplained, The different pads are naturally made of suitable shapes andsizes to best serve their functions at their selected locations, and itis deemed unnecessary, therefore, to describe the different pads ingreat detail. It will be noted, however, that the pads 22 and 23 for theknees and upper portions of the legs are somewhat tapered in width, thatthe pads 26 and 27 for the shoulders are preferably cupped, that thepads 24 and 25 are preferably of relatively small size for the breasts,and that the pad 28 is preferably of large size for the back. A11 of theforegoing pads are supplied with electric current in any convenientmanner preferably by connections which will place them in parallel witheach other. For this purpose, we preferably make use of electric cableshaving two conductors, since such cable is readily attached tothegarment and establishes both sides of the circuit. le have, therefore,illustrated y-a cable 38 through which the currentfor the entire garmentis supplied. The same preferably goes to the leg 39 at which a branchCable 40 is carried up along the back and around beneath the arm pit tothe front side. of the garment where it is connected to the breast padby a connection 41. lt is then car# ried on over to the sleeve 19 andpreferably reaches down the full length of said sleeve to the cuffthereof. At suitable points such as 42 and 43 the terminals of theshoulder pad 27 are connected to this cable.

At the cuff of the sleeve 19 the wires of the cable are connected to thetwo buttons of a connector 44l similar to the connector 44 on the sleeve18, the construction of which will be explained presently'.

At the point 39 there is a cable 45 havling its wires connected to thesupply .fable 38, said cable preferably being carried across the backand up at the other side and beneath the arm pit of the 4sleeve 18. Saidcable then being carried down over said sleeve 18 to the connector 44already referred to. The tw'o wires of this cable are con` nected to theterminals of said connector.

This cable 45 supplies current to the pad 24 by suitable connections atthe point 46, and also su plies current to the shoulder pad 26' by tlieconnections 47 and 48.

The back pad 28 is supplied by a cable 49 which reaches from the cable45 at the 'unction point 50 upward along one side of the back, as shownin Fig. 2. The different circuitsof the back ad 28 are connected to thewires of the ca le 49 at the ydifferent points 51 and 52, as shown inFig. 2. This cable 49 is preferably carried on up over the shoulder andaround the collar 20 to a terminal connector 53, as indicated in 1'.

Reaching from the cable 45 at the ]unc tion point 'downwardly is abranch cable 54 which reaches down at onel side of the leg 17 to anangle thereof where its w1rcs connect to another terminal plug similarto that already referred td'. The wires of the pad 23 are connected tothis cable 54 at the points 55 and 56. Another cable 57 has its wiresconnected to the wires of the ca ble 45 at the point 58, said cable 57reaching down and around the leg 16 to the lower end thereof where itswires connect to the terminals of another terminal pluvr 44. The pad 22is connected to the wires of the cable 57 at the points 59 and 60.

From the foregoing it will be evident that upon supplying current to thecable 38 curhas not been illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 notwithstandingthe fact that both of said figures show the garment turned inside out.The application of this lining layer is an expedient which will be wellunderstood in the art and is not believed to require further discussionfor this reason. It may be stated,

however, that when applied it should not interfere with properconnection of supplemental heating elements to the various terminalplugs referred to.

Referring particularly to Figs. 7, 8 and 9, f

we have therein illustrated a heating pad for the foot. in the form'of aslipper or sandal intended to be slipped onto the foot before the shoeor boot is drawn into place. yThis sandal preferably includes the soleportion 62 together with an upper 63 which, however, conveniently coversonly the toe portion of the foot. A heating wire 64 is woven back andforth through both the sole and upper portions. In so doing it ispreferred that this wire be woven back and forth in the fabric of thesandal, so that one terminal is adjacent to the heel thereof, as shownat 65. The wire then weaves back and forth through the sole tothe toe 66where it passes up into the fabric of the upper and weaves back andforth through the same to the point 67. At this point said wire ispreferably carried `down to the sole, and along the same to a pointclose to the other terminal portion of the wire. yThe cable 68 isconnected to this heating element and to a pad 69 having suitableterminals for connection to the terminal plug of the ankle portion ofthe garment.

As a matter of convenience, in weaving, the sandal is conveniently wovenin a manner similar to the method used in weaving bags. For thispurpose, the Weave commences at the toe 66. the wire itself being woveninto the fabric. At the commencement of thi-s operation, the endportions of the wire are left sufficiently long to take lUU care of theupper and sole respectively. As

the weave progresses back and forth the upper and the sole are thuswoven together and with the wire preferably woven into both sections,this operation continuing until the rear end of the upper is reached. Atthat point the warp threads and wire of'the upper are dropped and theweaving continues using only the threads and wire for the sole. Afterthe sole. has been completed the terminal portions of the Wire can besewed onto the surface ofthe pad so as to bring them close together, asindicated in Fig. 7.

Referring next to Fig. 1Q, We have therein illustrated a gauntlet ofconvenient shape having applied to its back surface a heating pad 70.This heating pad is preferably formed to closely correspond to the backof the hand and the backs of the individual fingers. The Wire 71 iswoven up and down so as to make a number of passes over the back of thehand, and is also carried around the edges of the respective fingers andthumb, as clearly indicated in Fig. l0. The end portions of the wire areconveniently sewed to surfaces of the heating ad in such a manner as tobring them close y together. A cable 72 is connected to said endportions and to aterminal plug 73.

In Figs. 11, 12 and 13, We have illustrated a side elevation of a headgear which isprovided with suitable heating Wires, together with crosssections at the points indicated in Fig. 11. These figures are more orless diagrammatic and they illustrate a heating pad, the surfaces ofwhich may be protected and finished by suitable layers of cloth. Forexample, the outside surface may be provided by a layer of Woolen clothor fur, Whereas the inside surface may be protected by a layer of silkor satin. The heating Wire 74 is Woven into this heating unit inconvenient fashion, so as to supply a suitable amount of heating effectto the diderent parts of the head, and it is deemed unnecessary toexplain the same in detail.

The terminal connections for the different supplemental units such assandals, gauntlets, etc., may be connected to the one garment, but willdepend largely upon the Wishes ofthe designer and manufacturer, and. inFig. 3, We have illustrated a very convenient form of arrangement. Asshown in this figure, there are the companion pads 75 and 76, The pad 75is provided with the upstanding buttons 77 and 78 to Which the terminalWires 79 and 80 of the cable are connected, land the pad 76 is providedWith the cap buttons 81 and 82 to which the wires 83 and 8l of thesupplemental garment are connected. By snapping the pad 76 down onto thepad 75 the two wires 83 and 84 are simultaneously connected to the Wires79 and 80 respectively so as to establish the complete connections,

If desired, the bottom and top faces of the pad 75 and 76 may beprotected by suitable coverings such as layers of cloth or the like, butWe did not illustrate the same since they will be Well understood andappreciated in the art Reference particularly to Fig. 1 will instantlyshow the very convenient manner in which the different supplementalunits can be connected to the main garment, In this figure one gauntletand one sandal are connected to their respective garment terminals, andthe other gauntlet and sandal are shown close to the main garment, butunconnected.

While We have herein shown and described, only certain embodiments ofthe features of our present invention, still we do not intend to limitourselves to the same, except as We may do so in the claim.

W'e claim: i

As a new article of manufacture a garment for the purpose specifiedcomprising a Woven garment adapted to cover the body, legs and arms ofthe wearer, and a series of separate individual, self-contained, heatingpads, permanently secured to the inside face of said garment at pointsfor the individual protection and heating of selected portions of thebody of the wearer, each of said pads having a border portion which issubstantially free of heating Wires and adapted to receive the attachingthreads whereby said pad is attached to the garment, each pad beinUsuitably shaped and conforming to the body of the wearer at the point tobe heated, each individual pad being provided with suitable electricalconductors for heating current, and a series o'f conductors on thegarment serving for the supply of current to various pads, substantiallyas described.

WALTER D. GRAHAM. CHARLES M. UHLIG

